VA Research: New findings on kidney disease, TBI and diabetes

The VA's Office of Research and Development has released new findings on three health conditions that affect many disabled veterans: polycystic kidney disease, traumatic brain injury, and type 1 diabetes. These studies, conducted at VA medical centers in Kansas City, Pittsburgh, and Phoenix, offer promising developments that could improve treatment options and outcomes for veterans living with these conditions.

Polycystic kidney disease is the leading genetic cause of kidney failure, characterized by fluid-filled cysts that enlarge the kidneys and cause progressive scarring. Researchers at the Kansas City VA discovered that pirfenidone, a medication currently used to treat pulmonary fibrosis, may be repurposed to address the scarring component of this disease. Using gene sequencing and mouse models, the team demonstrated that pirfenidone suppresses the accumulation of fibrous cells responsible for scarring and kidney dysfunction, potentially slowing disease progression when used alongside existing treatments that target the cysts themselves.

For veterans who have sustained traumatic brain injuries, a common service-connected disability, VA Pittsburgh researchers identified a potential pathway to improve recovery outcomes. The study focused on regulating a specific gene group called miR-15a/16-1, which when blocked in mouse models led to increased levels of a protein that helps preserve both white and gray matter integrity in the brain. This research is particularly relevant given that TBI affects veterans across all service eras and can result in long-term cognitive, physical, and emotional challenges that impact disability ratings and quality of life.

The Phoenix VA study on continuous glucose monitoring examined outcomes for more than 8,000 veterans diagnosed with type 1 diabetes over a four-year period. Of these veterans, 1,039 were prescribed continuous glucose monitoring devices by endocrinologists, and the data showed a 10% to 16% reduction in risk of death compared to those without continuous monitoring. Veterans older than 65 and those not using insulin pumps experienced the greatest benefits, suggesting that continuous glucose monitoring offers health advantages beyond simply controlling blood sugar levels.

These research developments matter to disabled veterans because they address conditions that are either service-connected or commonly occur alongside other service-related health issues. Kidney disease, TBI, and diabetes all factor into VA disability ratings and can significantly impact a veteran's daily functioning, employability, and need for ongoing medical care. Understanding emerging treatment options helps veterans have informed conversations with their VA healthcare providers about the most current approaches to managing their conditions.

Veterans living with polycystic kidney disease, TBI, or type 1 diabetes should discuss these research findings with their VA healthcare team to understand whether these approaches might be appropriate for their individual situations. Those with type 1 diabetes who are not currently using continuous glucose monitoring may want to ask their endocrinologist whether this technology could benefit them, particularly if they are over 65 or not using an insulin pump. Staying informed about VA research developments ensures veterans can advocate effectively for their own care and take advantage of new treatment strategies as they become available through the VA healthcare system.